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热学知识作为高中物理的重要内容,每年高考所占物理总分5%左右.2007年高考对热学知识的考查形式仍多以选择题形式出现.热学部分的常见命题热点有:分子动理论、有关分子的计算、分子力与分子势能、分子动能与分子平均动能、气体的压强的微观意义及 p、V、T 的关系,内能及其改变、热力学第一定律及热力学第二定律等.另外,涉及能量守恒与能源开发与利用的考题应引起重视.其中应特别注意分子动理论,微观意义与宏观量的联系、有关气体的内能的改变和热力学定律和能量守恒定律等几个内容.
Thermal knowledge is an important content of high school physics. Each year, college entrance examinations account for about 5% of the total physical score. In 2007, the form of examination of thermal knowledge in college entrance examinations still appears in the form of multiple-choice questions. Common propositions in the thermal section include: molecular dynamics theory, related Molecular calculations, molecular forces and molecular potentials, kinetic energy of molecules and the average kinetic energy of molecules, the microscopic significance of the pressure of gases and the relationship between p, V, and T, internal energy and its changes, the first law of thermodynamics, and the second law of thermodynamics. The questions concerning energy conservation and energy development and utilization deserve attention. Among them, special attention should be paid to molecular dynamics theory, the relationship between microscopic significance and macroscopic quantities, changes in the internal energy of gases, thermodynamic laws, and the law of conservation of energy.