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第一届全国中学生力学竞赛初赛试题中有这样一道计算题目:“一质量为M=4.5千克、倾角为θ=30°的光滑斜面,放置在光滑的水平面上,另一质量为m=2千克的物体沿着该斜面下滑,试求斜面在水平面上滑动的加速度.”在对物理课外兴趣小组进行辅导讲座过程中,我对这道题目的最后求答问题进行发挥,改问为“试求物体从长ι=13厘米的斜面顶端滑到底端时斜面具有的速度.”意在使学生通过这个问题的分析,加深掌握牛顿运动定律、运动学规律、矢量合成和分解、机械能守恒定律、动量守恒定律等力学重要规律的正确运用.讲座后学生反映收益很大,既解决了疑难问题,又提高了融会贯通的能力.下面介绍讲座过程中师生如何进行共同活动.
The first national junior high school student mechanics competition preliminary examination questions have such a calculation subject: “a smooth slope with a mass of M=4.5 kilograms and an inclination of θ=30°, placed on a smooth horizontal surface, and the other mass is m=2 The kilograms of the object slide down the slope, trying to get the acceleration of the slope sliding on the horizontal plane.” During the tutorial course on the physics extracurricular interest group, I played on the question of the final question of this subject. “The speed of the slant should be measured when the object slides from the top of the slant with a length of 13cm to the end of the incline.” This is intended to enable students to analyze Newton’s laws of motion, kinematics, vector synthesis and decomposition, and mechanical energy through the analysis of this problem. The conservation law, the law of conservation of momentum and other important laws of the correct use of the mechanics. After the lecture students reflect a large income, not only solve the difficult problems, but also improve the ability to integrate. The following describes the lecture process how teachers and students conduct joint activities.