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光纤通信是利用光导纤维传输光信号来实现通信的,与其他通信方式相比,具有以下的显著优点: (1)光缆尺寸小、重量轻光纤的外径仅125μm,其套塑后的尺寸也小于1mm,用它制成的6～18芯光缆外径约为12mm,而标准同轴电缆的外径约为47mm。光纤的主要原料是硅,其比重是2.2,而电缆中铜的比重是8.9,因此,相同传输能力的光纤要比电缆轻得多,约为1/10～1/3左右。 (2)光纤的可挠性好 普通玻璃丝是很脆的,一碰就断,但经过表面涂敷的光纤即使弯曲直径为3mm都不会折断,因此,光缆与电缆一样,具有可挠性。
Compared with other communication methods, optical fiber communication has the following significant advantages: (1) The optical fiber cable has the advantages of small size and light weight, and the outer diameter of the optical fiber is only 125 μm. The size of the optical fiber after plasticizing Less than 1mm, made with it 6 ~ 18 core optical cable diameter is about 12mm, while the standard coaxial cable diameter is about 47mm. The main raw material for the optical fiber is silicon, which has a specific gravity of 2.2, whereas the copper in the cable has a specific gravity of 8.9. Therefore, an optical fiber with the same transmission capacity is much lighter than a cable, about 1/10 to 1/3. (2) Good flexibility of optical fiber Ordinary glass fiber is very brittle, touched a break, but the surface of the coated optical fiber even if the bending diameter of 3mm will not be broken, therefore, the same cable and cable, flexible.