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毫米波集成技术的发展产生了更高频率的雷达,这种雷达能够检测其它探测器所不能检测的目标。毫米波系统的性能和潜力对于军事应用是迫切需要的。频率低于20GHz 的微波探测器,用来搜索战场上的小车辆目标或用来搜索低仰角空中目标,通常缺乏足够的目标分辨力。红外和光电探测器又受到恶劣气候条件,诸如雾、云、霾、尘和烟等这些相当于大自然屏幕的限制。毫米波系统介于微波和红外/光电探测器之间,它具有某些特别适合于军事雷达应用的优点:·缩小了天线尺寸。例如,波束宽度为1.5°(40db 增益)的天线,在35GHz 上抛物面圆盘的直径只有320mm,在94GHz 上抛物面圆盘直径只有120mm;·采用非常窄的脉冲,提高了空间分辨力,降低了最小可检测距离;·有增加中频带宽的可能性;
The development of millimeter wave integration technology has resulted in higher frequency radars that can detect targets that other detectors can not detect. The performance and potential of millimeter wave systems are urgently needed for military applications. Microwave probes with frequencies below 20 GHz are used to search for small vehicle targets on the battlefield or to search for low-elevation air targets, often lacking sufficient target resolution. Infrared and photodetectors, in turn, suffer from harsh climatic conditions such as fog, clouds, haze, dust and smoke, all of which are equivalent to nature’s screen limits. The millimeter-wave system, which is interposed between the microwave and infrared / photodetector, has certain advantages that are particularly well suited for military radar applications: Reduced antenna size. For example, an antenna with a beamwidth of 1.5 ° (40 dB gain) has a parabolic disk diameter of only 320 mm at 35 GHz and a parabolic disk diameter of only 120 mm at 94 GHz. The use of a very narrow pulse increases spatial resolution and reduces Minimum detectable distance; • possibility to increase IF bandwidth;