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目的 了解2014-2016年张北县全人群死亡与期望寿命水平,掌握死因分布现状与变化,为当地国民经济、卫生事业规划和卫生决策提供参考依据.方法 由县乡村三级医疗机构连续收集辖区死亡个案信息,用SPSS 22.0与Excel 2007开展描述流行病学研究.结果 2014-2016年张北县全人群粗死亡率分别为664.29/10万、708.48/10万、743.50/10万;平均期望寿命分别为78.38岁、79.34岁、79.84岁;前5位死因为循环、肿瘤、呼吸、疾病及死因的外因、消化5类系统疾病,历年的死亡构成比分别为95.22％、95.94％、95.17％;单病种分析卒中/卒中后遗症是第1位死因,历年死亡构成比分别为22.38％、23.68％、25.22％.结论 以循环系统疾病为首的慢性非传染性疾病与人口的老龄化是当前主要公共卫生问题,必须采取群体预防与个体治疗相结合的一体化的策略来提高居民的健康水平.","Objective This study was aimed to understand the mortality and the life expectancy level of population in Zhangbei County of Heibei Province from 2014 to 2016,to gain the distribution and the variation of the cause of death and provide reference basis for the local national economy,health planning and health decision-making.Methods Relying on the county,township,village three levels medical institutions to collect the death cases information in the area continuously.Using SPSS 22.0 to carry out description epidemiological studies.The analysis indicators are mainly mortality,death composition,life expectancy and death position.Results From 2014 to 2016,the total population crude mortality was 664.29/100 000,708.48/100 000,743.50/100 000;the average life expectancy is 78.38,79.34 and 79.84 years old;the top five cause of death are circulation,tumor,respiratory,exteal causes of morbidity and mortality,digestive system diseases,which annual death constitution was 95.22％,95.94％,95.17％.Stroke/stroke sequelae were the first cause of death by single disease analysis,which annual death constitution was 22.38％,23.68％,25.22％.Conclusion Chronic non-communicable diseases which leading by circulatory system disease,and the ageing of the population are the major public health problems that lie ahead of us.In order to improve the residents' health,we must adopt the integration strategy that not only pay attention to individual treatment,but also group prevention.