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一、条件反射与运动动作技能生理学家巴甫洛夫通过大量的科学实验,研究了动物和人类大脑皮层中的条件反射暂时联系机制,建立了条件反射学说。巴甫洛夫写道:“条件反射的事实是每天发生的最普通存在的事实。显然,我们的教育、教学、各种训练和各种各样的习惯都是一连串的条件反射。”大家都知道,人的一切生命活动都受神经系统的支配和调节,通过反射活动来实现。所谓反射,就是机体在中枢神经系统的调节下,对内部和外界环境的各种刺激时所实现的有规律的反应。例如:医生用小锤扣击你的膑腱,引起股四头肌收缩,使小腿伸直的膝跳反射。任何一个反射活动所经过的道路叫反射弧。反射弧由五部分组成,即感受器、传入神经、神经中枢、传出神经和效应器。反射弧的任何部分被破坏或机
First, conditional reflexes and motor movements The physiologist Pavlov has studied a temporary connection mechanism of conditional reflexes in the cerebral cortex of animals and humans through a large number of scientific experiments and established the conditional reflexology theory. Pavlov writes: “The fact of conditioning is the most common fact that happens every day. Obviously, our education, teaching, all kinds of training and all kinds of habits are a series of conditioning.” Everyone It is known that all human life activities are dominated and regulated by the nervous system and are realized through reflection activities. The so-called reflection is the regular response of the body to various internal and external stimuli under the regulation of the central nervous system. For example: A doctor hits your cockroach with a small hammer and causes the quadriceps to contract, causing the knee’s knees to stretch and reflex. The path through which any reflection activity passes is called a reflex arc. The reflex arc consists of five parts, namely the receptor, afferent nerve, nerve center, efferent nerve and effector. Any part of the arc of reflection is destroyed or