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20世纪80年代,西方社会科学面临着前所未有的危机,包括人类学在内的许多学科经历着解构与重建的艰难历程。在新的基础上重建起来的人类学,可以更具批判性、更有效地去探索我们如今所生活的全球化世界。全球化世界具有两种显著特征:所有社会的经济体系,无论规模如何,都已成为一个独特系统———资本主义市场经济体系———的一部分;同时,越来越多这样的社会正在经历非西方化的现代化过程。正因为如此,我们更有必要懂得他者的他者性是相对的,而非绝对的。在此情境下,人类学将扮演至关重要的角色,因为它建立在人类学家通过参与式观察,长期田野工作,与他者共同生活和工作,进而与他者建立起重要关系的基础之上。
In the 1980s, western social sciences faced an unprecedented crisis. Many disciplines, including anthropology, experienced a difficult process of deconstruction and reconstruction. Anthropology, reconstructed on a new basis, can more critically and effectively explore the globalized world we live in today. The globalized world has two distinguishing features: all societies, regardless of their size, have become part of a unique system, the capitalist market economy, and at the same time more and more such societies are experiencing Non-Westernized modernization process. Because of this, it is even more necessary for us to understand that the otherness of the other person is relative rather than absolute. In this context, anthropology will play a crucial role because it builds on the foundations of anthropologists’ important relationship with participant living, working and working with other people through participatory observation, long-term field work, on.