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铜冶炼厂的烟道灰在污染和贮存方面是一个严重问题,因为其中含较高的多种可溶性金属化合物,且具有低的表观密度(450公斤/米~3)。本文叙述了处理这种物料的实验室规模的研究方法,它包括用盐酸-氯化钠溶液浸出;旋风分离冰铜微粒;在pH为3.5、有Ca离子存在下沉淀Fe、As、Sb和Bi,并将这些金属的残渣与铅一起弃去;所得到的溶液用锌置换Cu和Ag,Cu、Ag置换物重新返回转炉熔炼;然后,用碳酸钠沉淀被浸出的Zn和Cd以及置换Cu、Ag时留在溶液中的Zn。浸出液可循环使用。这种方法也能使残渣体积减少为烟道灰体积的六分之一,并使污染问题降至最低程度。
Flue ash from copper smelters is a serious problem in terms of pollution and storage as it contains a higher variety of soluble metal compounds and has a low apparent density (450 kg / m 3). This paper describes a laboratory-scale method of processing this material, which includes leaching with hydrochloric acid-sodium chloride solution, cyclone separation of matte particles, precipitation of Fe, As, Sb and Bi in the presence of Ca ions at a pH of 3.5 , And the residues of these metals are discarded together with lead; the resulting solution is replaced with zinc for Cu and Ag, and the Cu and Ag substitutions are returned to the converter for smelting; then, the leached Zn and Cd are precipitated with sodium carbonate and the Cu is replaced, Zn remaining in solution during Ag. Leaching solution can be recycled. This method also reduces the residue volume to one sixth of the flue ash volume and minimizes pollution problems.