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目的分析细菌耐药特点和变化趋势,为临床抗菌药物的临床合理使用提供参考。方法收集医院2013~2014年住院患者痰、脓、血液、尿液等标本分离培养,药敏试验以及病史。结果 2013年共检测出多重耐药菌为610株,其中排名前6位的细菌依次是:铜绿假单胞菌(25.3%)、大肠埃希菌(15.3%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(7.8%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(7.7%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(7.2%)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(4.3%)。2014年共检测出多重耐药菌为533株,排名前6位的细菌依次是:大肠埃希菌(18.0%)、铜绿假单胞菌(17.5%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(11.0%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(7.5%),肺炎克雷伯菌(7.0%)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(4.0%)。我们发现,2014年多重耐药菌比2013年少77株,下降了12.6%。结论掌握我院细菌感染以及细菌耐药特点和变化趋势,为临床抗菌药物的临床合理使用提供参考,防止多重耐药菌株的出现。
Objective To analyze the characteristics and trends of bacterial resistance and provide a reference for the clinical rational use of antibacterials. Methods The specimens of sputum, pus, blood and urine in hospital from 2013 to 2014 were collected for drug susceptibility testing and medical history. Results A total of 610 strains of multidrug-resistant bacteria were detected in 2013, among which the top 6 bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.3%), Escherichia coli (15.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (7.8 %), Staphylococcus aureus (7.7%), Acinetobacter baumannii (7.2%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (4.3%). A total of 533 multidrug-resistant bacteria were detected in 2014. The top 6 bacteria were Escherichia coli (18.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.5%), Acinetobacter baumannii (11.0%), , Staphylococcus aureus (7.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (7.0%), coagulase-negative staphylococcus (4.0%). We found that in 2014 there were 77 fewer multi-drug resistant bacteria than in 2013, a decrease of 12.6%. Conclusions Grasp the characteristics and trends of bacterial infection and bacterial resistance in our hospital, and provide a reference for the clinical rational use of clinical antimicrobial agents to prevent the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains.