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背景尽管缺少术后预防性使用抗生素的证据,但实际上很多医院会对接受大手术后的患者常规使用预防性抗生素。美国疾病控制和预防中心建议对于清洁或清洁-污染切口手术,术中可使用第一代头孢菌素预防手术部位感染。美国一项大型的队列研究显示,32603例患者接受大手术后,仅14.5%在术后12h内终止使用预防性抗生素;且48h后仍在使用的比例达26.7%。在日本,由于胃肠道手术经常留置引流且存在手术部位感染的潜在风险,日本感染学会和化疗学会
Background Although there is a lack of evidence for postoperative prophylactic use of antibiotics, in practice many hospitals routinely use prophylactic antibiotics for patients after major surgery. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that first-generation cephalosporins be used intraoperatively to prevent surgical site infections during clean or clean-incision incisions. In a large cohort study in the United States, only 14.5% of 32,603 patients discontinued use of prophylactic antibiotics within 12 hours of surgery after surgery, and 26.7% remained in use after 48 hours. In Japan, due to the frequent indwelling drainage of gastrointestinal surgery and the potential risk of infection at the surgical site, the Japan Infectious Diseases Society and the Chemotherapy Society