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目的了解厦门市外环境水体中霍乱弧菌的存在和水产品污染状况,及时发现霍乱病例,为指导防治提供依据。方法根据《全国霍乱监测方案》及《霍乱防治手册(第5版)》的规定,于2004—2013年在全市六个区选择监测点,对外环境水体、水产品及腹泻病人标本进行监测,监测数据由各区疾控中心每月汇总上报,由市疾控中心统一整理分析。结果 2004—2013年共采集外环境各类标本15 351份,检出O1群霍乱弧菌165份(1.01%),未检测O139群霍乱弧菌;共采集食品标本20 545份,检出O1群霍乱弧菌248份(1.21%),未检测O139群霍乱弧菌;共对45 284粪便标本进行检测,粪检率为82.09%,共发现霍乱病人2例和带菌者2例。结论厦门市外环境水体及水产品存在O1群霍乱弧菌,是外环境水体中的正常菌群,应继续加强监测,及时发现致病菌及传染源,以采取相应防控措施。
Objective To understand the existence of Vibrio cholerae in aquatic environment of Xiamen City and the pollution status of aquatic products, and to find out the cases of cholera in time, so as to provide the basis for prevention and control. Methods According to the “National Cholera Surveillance Program” and “Cholera Prevention and Control Manual (Fifth Edition)”, monitoring sites were selected in six districts of the city from 2004 to 2013 to monitor external environmental water bodies, aquatic products and diarrhea patients and to monitor The data were collected and reported by CDC of each district on a monthly basis and unifiedly analyzed by CDC of the city. Results A total of 15 351 specimens of all kinds were collected from 2004 to 2013. 165 (1.01%) isolates of Vibrio cholera O1 were detected and Vibrio cholerae O139 were not detected. A total of 20 545 food samples were collected and O1 Vibrio cholera 248 (1.21%), not detected Vibrio cholera O139; a total of 45 284 fecal specimens were detected, the detection rate was 82.09%, found two cases of cholera patients and carriers 2 cases. Conclusion Vibrio cholerae O1 group exists in the external environment water and aquatic products in Xiamen City, which is a normal flora in the external environment water. Monitoring should be continued to detect pathogens and sources of infection in time to take appropriate prevention and control measures.