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目的了解遂宁市丙型病毒性肝炎(丙肝)流行现状,为制定丙肝防控措施和策略提供科学依据。方法收集遂宁市2004-2012年报告丙肝疫情资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果遂宁市2004-2012年共报告丙肝病例2 191例。报告病例数由2004年57例上升到2012年580例,增加了9.18倍;报告发病率由2004年1.51/10万逐年上升到2012年17.79/10万(趋势χ2=1 000.15,P<0.01),9年上升了10.78倍;丙肝病例数占法定报告传染病的构成比由2004年0.23%上升到2012年3.88%。该市船山区病例最多为1 131例(51.62%);安居区371例(16.93%);射洪县316例(14.42%);大英县病例最少为161例(7.35%)。发病率以船山区为最高,其2012年达到42.37/10万,均高于全市平均水平;发病率最低的射洪县其2012年达到8.31/10万。发病时间无明显季节性。男性多于女性(χ2=3.44×107,P<0.01);发病数年龄构成比1~9岁为0.18%(4例),20~59岁为59.93%(1 313例),60岁以上为37.38%(819例)。职业分布以农民最多为40.71%(892例),其次分别是离退休人员15.65%(343例)、家务及待业人员13.05%(286例)、工人11.36%(249例)、干部职员5.52%(121例),该5类职业人群占病例总数86.31%(1 891例)。结论遂宁市丙肝报告发病数和发病率均呈逐年上升之势;建议应采取有效措施,实施以强化献血人员筛查、吸毒人员监管和针具交换、提高职业暴露防护意识,注重医疗实践安全注射和重点人群预防等综合防控策略,以有力遏制丙肝疫情的上升趋势。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (C) in Suining City and to provide a scientific basis for developing prevention and control measures and strategies for hepatitis C infection. Methods The data of hepatitis C epidemic in Suining from 2004 to 2012 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 2 191 hepatitis C cases were reported in Suining from 2004 to 2012. The number of reported cases increased from 57 in 2004 to 580 in 2012, an increase of 9.18 times. The reported incidence increased from 1.51 / 100,000 in 2004 to 17.79 / 100 in 2012 (trend χ2 = 1 000.15, P <0.01) , A 9-year increase of 10.78 times. The proportion of hepatitis C cases in statutory reported infectious diseases rose from 0.23% in 2004 to 3.88% in 2012. The number of cases in Chuanshan district was 1,131 (51.62%) in the city; 371 (16.93%) were in residential areas; 316 (14.42%) were in Shehong county; and 161 (7.35%) in Great Britain were the least. The incidence rate was the highest in Chuanshan District, reaching 42.37 / 100,000 in 2012, both higher than the city average; the lowest incidence of Shehong County in 2012 reached 8.31 / 100,000. No significant seasonal onset time. There were more males than females (χ2 = 3.44 × 107, P <0.01). The incidence of age was 0.18% (4 cases) in 1 ~ 9 years and 59.93% (1 313 cases) in 20 ~ 59 years 37.38% (819 cases). The number of peasants in vocational distribution was 40.71% (892 cases), followed by 15.65% (343 cases) of retired staff, 13.05% (286 cases) of domestic workers and unemployed workers, 11.36% (249 cases) and 5.52% of cadre staff 121 cases). The five occupational groups accounted for 86.31% (1 891 cases) of the total cases. Conclusions The incidence and incidence of hepatitis C in Suining City are on the rise year by year. It is suggested that effective measures should be taken to strengthen the screening of blood donors, the supervision of drug users and the exchange of needles, the awareness of occupational exposure protection, and the safety of medical practice And key population prevention and other comprehensive prevention and control strategies to effectively curb the upward trend of hepatitis C epidemic.