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公路隧道穿越岩溶区不仅可能要穿越溶洞空腔、溶槽、地下暗河等不良地质,还可能遭遇突泥涌水等施工地质灾害。如何保证隧道施工阶段和运营阶段的安全,同时避免突泥涌水导致的水土流失、地表塌陷等不可逆的环境灾难,隧道合理选线是其中的关键。公路隧道在岩溶地质区的选线应结合地质构造和岩性来分析岩溶发育的规律和水文地质特征,遵循“尽量选择岩溶不发育的地段通过;若受条件限制时,越岭隧道宜采用高线位从岩溶水垂直渗流带通过;傍山隧道宜从岩溶安全地带通过,避开岩溶发育构造带;与暗河平面相交应以高线且大角度平面相交通过”等选线原则。本文将结合广西壮族自治区的相关项目,详细阐述上述选线原则及见解。
Road tunnel crossing the karst area may not only be through the cave cavity, dissolving trough, underground river and other unhealthy geological conditions, but also may encounter mud and other geological disasters. How to ensure the safety during the construction phase and the operation phase of the tunnel and avoid the irreversible environmental disasters such as water and soil loss caused by muddy water gushing and surface subsidence and so on, and the reasonable selection of tunnels are the key points. Highway tunnel in the karst geological selection of the route should be combined with the geological structure and lithology to analyze the laws of karst development and hydrogeological features, follow the "try to choose the karst undeveloped area through; if subject to conditions, the tunnel should be adopted The high line passes through the vertical seepage zone of karst water. The mountain tunnel should pass through the karst safety zone and avoid the karst tectonic belt. The intersecting with the dark river plane should intersect with the high line and the high angle plane to pass through. This article will combine the relevant projects in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, elaborating the above principles and views of line selection.