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目的了解广州市民对人感染H7N9禽流感疫情的认知及疫情对市民禽类消费行为的影响,为制定人感染H7N9禽流感防控措施和针对性的健康宣教提供参考依据。方法以Mitofsky-Waksberg二阶段抽样方法在广州市各区(县)开展电话调查,调查内容包括调查对象人口学特征、个人认知及其家庭禽类消费行为,采用描述性流行病学分析方法对资料进行分析。结果实际拨打电话3 624个,有效家庭电话524个,应答331个,应答率为63.17%(331/524)。调查对象以女性、年龄以18~30岁、职业以公务员及企事业单位员工为主,构成比分别为61.93%(205/331)、26.59%(88/331)和29.91%(99/331)。99.09%(328/331)的调查对象知道发生人感染H7N9禽流感疫情事件,经常关注疫情进展的比例是51.52%(169/328),25.98%(86/331)害怕人感染H7N9禽流感。88.52%认为避免与禽类直接接触可以预防人感染H7N9禽流感,58.91%认为在市场购买活禽有感染H7N9禽流感的风险。调查对象每周至少1次购买禽类产品的比例由疫情发生前的67.98%下降到疫情发生后的36.56%,选购活禽类产品的比例由29.31%下降到11.48%,选购冰鲜禽类产品的比例由35.65%下降到22.36%,差异均有统计学意义(均P﹤0.01)。疫情发生前后调查对象是否自己抓活禽和是否自己宰杀活禽的构成差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论广州市居民普遍知道人感染H7N9禽流感疫情事件,有部分人群产生恐慌心理,疫情前后市民在选购、宰杀活禽的行为上没有明显变化,建议相关部门有针对性地加强公众健康宣教,引导市民理性消费禽类产品,养成良好禽类消费行为;加强活禽市场监管,从源头做好防控禽流感病毒传播的工作。
Objective To understand the influence of Guangzhou residents on the human infection of H7N9 bird flu and the influence of the epidemic on the public’s poultry consumption behavior, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of H7N9 bird flu and the targeted health education. Methods Mitofsky-Waksberg two-stage sampling method was used to conduct a telephone survey in all districts and counties in Guangzhou. The investigation included the demographic characteristics, personal cognition and the consumption behavior of the birds in their families. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the data analysis. As a result, there were 3,624 actual calls, 524 valid home calls and 331 responses, with a response rate of 63.17% (331/524). The respondents were female, aged 18-30, and mainly employed civil servants and employees in enterprises and institutions, with the proportions of 61.93% (205/331), 26.59% (88/331) and 29.91% (99/331) respectively. . 99.09% (328/331) of the respondents were aware of the H7N9 bird flu outbreak, 51.52% (169/328) were often concerned about the epidemic, and 25.98% (86/331) were afraid of human H7N9 bird flu. 88.52% believed that avoiding direct contact with birds could prevent human infection with H7N9 bird flu and 58.91% believed that the risk of acquiring H7N9 bird flu was very low. The proportion of respondents who purchased poultry products at least once a week dropped from 67.98% before the outbreak to 36.56% after the outbreak occurred. The proportion of those who purchased live poultry products dropped from 29.31% to 11.48% The proportion decreased from 35.65% to 22.36%, the differences were statistically significant (all P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the composition of live birds before and after the outbreak of the epidemic and whether the slaughtered live birds themselves (all P> 0.05). Conclusions Guangzhou residents generally know that human beings infected with H7N9 bird flu have some people panic. Before and after the epidemic, citizens did not notice any significant changes in behavior of buying and slaughtering live poultry. It is suggested that relevant departments should strengthen public health education, Guide the public to rationalize the consumption of poultry products and develop good consumer behavior of poultry; strengthen supervision and control of the live poultry market and do a good job in preventing and controlling the spread of the bird flu virus from the source.