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中国历代有作为的君王都懂得以史为鉴,从先人治国理政的历史中寻求值得借鉴的经验教训。如汉高祖刘邦,原本读书不多,文化不高,“马上得天下”以后,开始重视历史学习。有一次,他同群臣谈论项羽为何败在他手里,其历史分析令人心悦诚服。又如唐太宗李世民,格外重视历史借鉴。他曾说:“以铜为镜,可以正衣冠;以古为镜,可以知兴替;以人为镜,可以明得失。”至于宋英宗、宋神宗,则要求并支持司马光等人编纂《资治通鉴》,神宗还亲赐书名并作序。
All the kings who have been in history in China have learned from history that they should learn from the history of the administration of ancestral states. Such as the Han emperor Liu Bang, the original book is not much, culture is not high, “immediately after the world ”, began to attach importance to historical study. On one occasion, he talked with the ministers about why Xiang Yu was defeated in his hand and his historical analysis was heartfelt. Another example is the Taizong Li Shimin, with special emphasis on history for reference. He once said: “With copper as a mirror, you can wear a crown; as a mirror, you can learn from it; with a human being as a mirror, you can make it clear.” As for Song Yingzong and Song Shenzong, they asked for and supported Sima Guang et al. Compilation of “Mirror”, Shenzong also personally give the title and preface.