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评价吸入含有石棉的锅炉尘接尘者可引起以石棉肺为主的混合性尘肺的危害作用。方法:313例火电厂尘肺患者后前位胸片,重点观察胸膜斑,弥漫性胸膜增厚和胸膜斑正面影等征象。结果:火电厂尘肺患者胸膜斑检出率23.64%,以锅炉检修工为高32.50%。出现胸膜斑的接尘工龄普遍高于无胸膜斑者,且随接尘工龄增加而升高,大于30年工龄的接尘者胸膜斑检出率占同工龄组的33.33%,也以锅炉检修工更甚达47.37%。结论:生产环境中锅炉尘浓度高,又含有较高石棉量,长期吸入导致石棉肺。检出胸膜斑结合职业史,流行病学调查,胸片上有一定量小阴影可作出石棉肺诊断。胸膜斑出现有助于早期诊断。
Evaluation of asbestos-containing boiler dust inhalation can cause asbestos-based mixed pneumoconiosis harm. Methods: 313 cases of pneumoconiosis patients in front of post-chest radiograph, focusing on pleural plaques, diffuse pleural thickening and pleural plaques positive signs. Results: The detection rate of pleural plaques in pneumoconiosis patients in thermal power plant was 23.64%, which was 32.50% higher than that of boiler maintenance workers. Patients with pleural plaques were generally older than those without pleural plaques, and with the increase of service life, the rate of pleural plaques was more than 33.33% Workers even more reached 47.37%. Conclusion: Boiler dust concentration in the production environment, but also contains a high amount of asbestos, long-term inhalation lead to asbestosis. Detection of pleural plaques combined with occupational history, epidemiological investigation, there is a certain amount of small chest shadow can be made of asbestos lung diagnosis. Pleural plaques appear to help early diagnosis.