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当今世界各国行政区划多种多样,但透过表象,我们可以发现,行政区划主要受到人文因素的制约,即其各自的历史发展进程和政治体制选择。前者表现在有无殖民地历史或受到何种外来影响,对一国的行政区划特征起到间接却是至关重要的控制作用;后者直接决定了各国行政区划的现状。据此,可以将当代世界各国的行政区划概括为3大模式,即英美模式、法德模式和前苏联模式。目前,世界上绝大多数国家的行政区划都可归入上述3类,即使有些国家相对保持了自己独特的发展历程或有独特的文化传统,但或多或少都受到上述3种模式的影响,或者在外在形态上采用了上述模式的方式,如中国、印度以及伊斯兰教国家和非洲国家等。
Nowadays, the administrative divisions of various countries in the world are various and varied. However, through the appearances, we can find that the administrative divisions are mainly constrained by human factors, that is, their respective historical development processes and political system choices. The former manifests itself in the history of the colonies or the influence of any external influences on them, but plays an indirect but crucial role in the administrative division of a country. The latter directly determines the status quo of the administrative divisions of various countries. Accordingly, the administrative divisions of all the countries in the world can be summed up as three major models: the Anglo-American model, the French model and the Soviet model. At present, the administrative divisions of the vast majority of countries in the world can be classified into the above three categories. Even though some countries relatively maintain their unique development history or unique cultural tradition, they are more or less affected by the above three models , Or in the external form of the above modes, such as China, India and Islamic countries and African countries.