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本文介绍一种不用冷却液能有效加工不锈钢和热强钢的新结构车刀。如图1所示,车刀5的散热元件制成环筒1的形状,环筒1端面装有固定在套筒3上的叶轮4,套筒3作为旋转轴。在环筒1内腔置有球形或椭圆形颗粒2,这些颗粒由多孔材料制成并充入冷却液,环筒1端面用透气网罩住,以防颗粒从腔内脱落。环筒1沿零件被加工表面滚动并带走切削过程中所产生的热。在环筒1转动过程中,球形或椭圆形颗粒2与其内表面彼此接触,从而发生相互的热交换,故颗粒中的液体被加热、蒸发、这样就保证有效地吸收热量。液体蒸气被来自叶轮4的空气流从环筒内腔排出。椭圆形颗粒2能保证增加热交换的接触面积。当液体完全蒸发后,颗粒再充入液体,车刀便又重新工作。
This article describes a new structure turning tool that can effectively process stainless steel and hot steel without coolant. As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling element of the turning tool 5 is formed into the shape of an annular cylinder 1 having an impeller 4 fixed on a sleeve 3 as an axis of rotation. Spherical or elliptical particles 2 are placed inside the annular cylinder 1, and these particles are made of porous material and filled with coolant. The end face of the annular cylinder 1 is covered with a gas-permeable net to prevent the particles from falling off the cavity. The toroid 1 rolls along the machined surface of the part and removes the heat generated during the cutting. During the rotation of the toroidal cylinder 1, the spherical or oval particles 2 and their inner surfaces come into contact with each other so that heat exchange occurs with each other so that the liquid in the particles is heated and vaporized, thus assuring the effective absorption of heat. The liquid vapor is discharged from the annular cavity by the air flow from the impeller 4. Oval particles 2 ensure increased contact area for heat exchange. When the liquid is completely evaporated, the particles are refilled with liquid and the lathe is returned to work again.