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目的了解雷山苗族人群中的乙肝病毒(HBV)感染情况与血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)的异常率。方法对734名苗族体检者应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清学标志物(HBVM),用速率法检测ALT。结果乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBs Ag)阳性率为5.86%,乙肝病毒e抗原(HBe Ag)阳性率为1.50%,ALT异常率为10.08%。HBs Ag阳性的感染模式只出现“大三阳”和“小三阳”两种。不同年龄段间,HBs Ag阳性率、HBe Ag阳性率和HBVM五项全阴性率,以及ALT异常率差异有统计学意义。乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)阳性率随性别的差异以及随年龄的差异均有统计学意义;此外,对于不同感染模式间,ALT异常差异有统计学意义。结论雷山地区苗族HBs Ag阳性率和ALT异常率均较低,但HBVM五项全阴性率达49.73%,提示本地区应继续加强乙肝免疫接种,做好肝病防治工作。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the abnormal rate of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in Miao population in Leishan. Methods Serum markers (HBVM) were determined by ELISA in 734 Miao people, and the ALT was detected by the rate method. Results The positive rate of HBs Ag was 5.86%, the positive rate of HBeAg was 1.50%, and the abnormal rate of ALT was 10.08%. HBsAg-positive infection patterns appear only “big three positive” and “small three positive” two. The positive rate of HBsAg, the positive rate of HBeAg and the five negative rates of HBVM, as well as the abnormal rate of ALT in different age groups were statistically significant. The positive rate of hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBs) with the gender differences as well as with age differences were statistically significant; In addition, for different modes of infection, ALT abnormalities were statistically significant differences. Conclusion The positive rates of HBsAg and ALT abnormalities in Miao nationality in Leishan area are low, but the five-negative rate of HBVM is 49.73%, which suggests that hepatitis B immunization should be continued in this area to prevent and treat liver diseases.