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在世界采金业综合评估的初步研究基础上。美国矿山局的一项研究评估了难处理金矿石加工预处理阶段的环境控制技术费用．考察了三种类型的难处理金矿石预处理的方法──焙烧、加压氧化和生物氧化．发现空气排放量焙烧法和加压氧化法情况下需要控制技术的主要污染类型，而废液排放在生物氧比法中受到更大关注．还发现，难处理金矿石预处理方怯的环境控制技术费用部分与总费用之比，除需要硫酸装置的焙烧炉情况外，其基本费用比高于运行费用比． 焙烧当存在若干种有毒元素时可能需要最复杂的环境控制技术设备，因而需要较高的捕获污染物费用．加压氧化需要少量污染物控制技术．焙烧、加压氧化和生物氧化都需要含砷废液处理．本研究发现，包括环境控制技术费用在内的多种因素决定预处理方法的选择．该选择过程中要考虑的因素是废物排放、矿石矿物学、金回收率和基本费用．当评估为本研究中所包括的若干种难处理金矿石作业选择的方案时，发现预处理工艺选择决定于冶金学考虑而不决定于环境控制技术费用．
Based on the preliminary study on the comprehensive evaluation of gold mining industry in the world. A study by the US Bureau of Mines assessed the cost of environmental control technology for refractory gold ore pretreatment stages. Three types of refractory gold ore pretreatment methods were investigated - roasting, pressurized oxidation and biooxidation. Found that the air emissions roasting method and pressurized oxidation method requires the control of the main types of pollution, and waste emissions in the biological oxygen than the law by more attention. It was also found that the ratio of the cost of environmental control technology to the total cost of refractory gold ore preconditioners was higher than the operating cost ratio except for the case of roaster with sulfuric acid plant. Roasting When the presence of several toxic elements may require the most complex environmental control technology equipment, which requires a higher cost of capture pollutants. Pressurized oxidation requires a small amount of contaminant control technology. Roasting, pressure oxidation and biological oxidation all require arsenic-containing waste liquid treatment. This study found that many factors, including the cost of environmental control technologies, determine the choice of preconditioning method. The factors to be considered in this selection process are waste discharge, ore mineralogy, gold recovery and basic costs. When evaluating the options for several refractory gold ore operations included in this study, it was found that the choice of pretreatment process was determined by metallurgical considerations and not by the environmental control technology costs.