论文部分内容阅读
[目的]为实时掌握夏玉米在黄淮海北部生长发育进程,综合评价环境因素对玉米生长发育的影响。[方法]调查分析了‘郑单958’与‘先玉335’在北纬37°53′、东经115°42′的物候期、气象因素、叶片展开速率、籽粒灌浆速率与产量性状。[结果]夏播玉米‘郑单958’与先玉335播种后6 d出苗,生育期间为111 d,灌浆期持续66 d,叶片展开速率和灌浆速率随温度升高而加速,收获前6天时间(10月5~11日),‘郑单958’与‘先玉335’产量贡献率分别达6.61%和4.20%。黄淮海区域属于一年两熟种植模式,黄淮海北部夏玉米一般不能达到完熟收获。[结论]选用中早熟品种,及早抢播、适时晚收,保证玉米充足的有效积温和授粉后充足的灌浆时间可以显著提高玉米产量。
[Objective] The research aimed to grasp the growth and development of summer maize in the north of Huang-Huai-Hai area and evaluate the influence of environmental factors on the growth and development of maize. [Method] The phenological period, meteorological factors, leaf expansion rate, grain filling rate and yield characters of ’Zhengdan 958’ and ’Xianxu 335’ at latitude 37 ° 53 ’and 115 ° 42’ E were investigated. [Result] The summer sowing ’Zhengdan 958’ and Xian-Yu 335 were germinated 6 days after sowing, 111 days during the growing period and 66 days in the filling stage. The leaf expansion rate and filling rate accelerated with the increase of temperature, Time (Oct. 5-11), the yield contribution rates of Zhengdan 958 and Xianxu 335 were respectively 6.61% and 4.20%. Huanghuaihai region belongs to a two-year cropping pattern, summer north of Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize generally can not be achieved harvest. [Conclusion] The middle-early-maturing varieties were selected for early sowing and late sowing timely to ensure sufficient effective accumulated temperature of maize and enough filling time after pollination to significantly increase maize yield.