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为了减少废弃电子电器造成的资源浪费和环境污染,本文采用全生命周期评价(LCA)方法对10000台冰箱进行生命周期评价,比较各个阶段的能源消耗以及环境影响。研究结果表明,对能源消耗的影响,使用阶段最大,其次是原材料提取阶段,废弃处理阶段最小;对主要环境的影响,当安全处理率小于93.73%时,使用阶段最大,其次是制造阶段、原材料提取阶段、废弃处理阶段,销售运输阶段最小。指出有效减小冰箱行业对环境的影响,提高环境质量的关键在于降低使用阶段的电能消耗,并提出降低能耗要求冰箱生产企业改进产品节能设计,提高冰箱能效水平和提高消费者节能意识的建议。
In order to reduce waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by waste electrical and electronic equipment, life cycle assessment of 10000 refrigerators is conducted by the method of full life cycle assessment (LCA), and the energy consumption and environmental impact of each stage are compared. The results show that the energy consumption has the largest use period, followed by the raw material extraction stage and the least waste treatment stage. The impact on the main environment is greatest when the safe treatment rate is less than 93.73%, followed by the manufacturing stage, while the raw materials Extraction phase, waste disposal phase, sales and transportation phase is the smallest. It points out that the key to effectively reduce the environmental impact of the refrigerator industry and improve the quality of the environment is to reduce the power consumption during the use phase and to propose to reduce the energy consumption requirements of refrigerator manufacturers to improve product energy efficiency design, improve refrigerator energy efficiency and enhance consumer awareness of energy conservation .