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前言凯恩斯的《就业、利息和货币通论》一书于1936年出版后,他的追随者们纷纷对他的就业理论进行注释和补充,企图加以发展。后凯恩斯学派发展到今天,大致分为两大分支:一是以美国萨缪尔逊、J·托宾和R·索罗等为代表的“后凯恩斯学派主流经济学”;一是以英国琼·罗宾逊、卡尔多等为代表的新剑桥学派。它们在就业的内容、生产资源的配置、经济增长问题等方面有不少争论。“有效需求原理”(以下简称“原理”)是凯恩斯就业理论的实体。萨缪尔逊把他自已的理论定名为“收入决定的现代理论”[Modern Theory of Income Determination](以下简称“理论”)。后一理论及其相应的政策基本上继承了凯恩斯的“原理”;同时却作了不少相当重大的修改和发展。
Foreword Keynes’ publication The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money was published in 1936 and his followers all annotated and supplemented his employment theory in an attempt to develop it. After the Keynesian school developed to today, broadly divided into two branches: First, the United States Samuelson, J. Tobin and R Soros as the representative of the “post-Keynesian mainstream economics”; one is British Joan * Robinson, Caldo, etc. as the representative of the New Cambridge School. They have a lot of controversy over the content of employment, the allocation of productive resources and economic growth issues. “The principle of effective demand” (hereinafter referred to as “principle”) is Keynes’s employment theory entity. Samuelson defined his own theory as “Modern Theory of Income Determination” (hereinafter referred to as “theory”). The latter theory and its corresponding policy basically inherited Keynes’s “principles”; at the same time, quite a number of quite significant changes and developments were made.