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衰老是机体随年龄的增长逐渐丧失对环境的适应能力。这个过程伴有行为、内分泌及其他生理功能的改变，使得机体抵抗损伤性刺激的能力降低，对疾病的易感性增加。松果腺的功能随年龄的增加而变化，并与衰老的进程平行。年龄增加松果腺钙化率增高，其生物合成和分泌功能降低，松果腺移植可延缓动物的衰老。褪黑素是吲哚类物质，主要来源于松果腺细胞，血中水平与年龄有关，衰老可导致褪黑素水平下降。外源性褪黑素能延长大鼠的生存期，并能推迟家兔老年性疾病的发生时间。进一步研究发现松果腺和褪黑素延缓衰老与其具有抗自由基作用，调节炎症免疫反应，调节生物钟，影响激素分泌和参与应激等功能有关。而老年期体内自由基清除能力降低、激素分泌紊乱、生物钟衰退、肿瘤及其他疾病的易感性增加正是衰老的重要特征。因此，对褪黑素的深入研究将为抗衰老药的开发开辟新的途径
Aging is the body gradually lost its ability to adapt to the environment with age. This process is accompanied by changes in behavior, endocrine and other physiological functions, reducing the ability of the body to resist damage stimuli and increasing the susceptibility to the disease. The function of the pineal gland changes with age and is parallel to the process of aging. Age increased pineal gland calcification increased its biosynthesis and secretion decreased, pineal gland transplantation can delay the aging of animals. Melatonin is an indole substance mainly derived from pineal gland cells. The blood level is related to age. Senescence can lead to the decrease of melatonin level. Exogenous melatonin can prolong the survival of rats and delay the onset of senile diseases in rabbits. Further study found that pineal gland and melatonin anti-aging with anti-free radical effects, regulating inflammatory immune response, regulating the biological clock, affecting hormone secretion and participation in stress and other functions. However, the reduction of free radical scavenging capacity, the disorder of hormone secretion, the decline of the circadian clock, and the increase of the susceptibility of tumors and other diseases in old age are the important characteristics of aging. Therefore, in-depth study of melatonin will open up new avenues for the development of anti-aging drugs