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骨的软化-骨质疏松症作为一种病症随着人口高龄化,发病率将增加起来。现在约有430万患者,在老年病中仅次于脑血管意外,占第二位,估计到2000年要达540万人。骨质疏松表现为:骨质脆弱,腰酸背痛,脊柱弯曲,身高缩短,容易骨折、严重时可卧床不起,但与老年性痴呆相比,症状就不怎么明显,又不是直接致死的原因,故目前就是在医学界对此病的认识也是不足的,其实该病是一种麻烦、难治的疾病,除严重时卧床不起,还容易变成痴呆及引起感染。长期从事这项研究的东京大学医学院老年病学教授析茂肇认为:骨量减少,容易引起骨折,是一种无论谁也会发生的生理老化现象,骨质疏松症可以说是在这种骨的生理老化基础上,加上各种因素引起的一种症候群。这些因素许多地方还不十分清楚,故到现在还没确切的治疗方法。从年龄增加骨量减少的机理中首先可以看出,老化引起骨量减少,骨的吸收与形成平衡遭到破坏。总之,肾脏老化使从肠管对钙的吸收减少,其结果,促进甲状旁腺激素的分泌,甲状旁腺激素有促进骨质吸收作用,此激素在血中浓度不断提高是引起骨量减少的重要原因。另一方面,由于年龄增加,成骨细胞活力降低,骨的形成能力低下,使骨量减少。
Osteoporosis - Osteoporosis as a condition As the population ages, the morbidity will increase. There are now about 4.3 million patients, second only to cerebrovascular accidents in geriatric diseases, accounting for the second most, and it is estimated that by the year 2000 it will reach 5.4 million. Osteoporosis performance: fragile bone, back pain, spinal curvature, shorten the height, easy to fracture, serious when bedridden, but compared with senile dementia, the symptoms are not obvious, not the direct cause of death Therefore, the current understanding of the disease in the medical field is also inadequate. In fact, the disease is a troublesome and refractory disease. In addition to serious bedriddenness, it can easily become dementia and cause infection. Long-term engaged in this study of Tokyo University School of Medicine Geriatrics, Professor Zhao Maomei that: osteopenia, easy to cause fractures, is a physiological aging regardless of who will happen, osteoporosis can be said that in this Physiological aging of the bones, plus a variety of factors caused by a syndrome. Many aspects of these factors are not yet known very clearly, so up to now there is no definitive treatment. First of all, we can see from the mechanism of age-reduced bone mass that aging leads to the reduction of bone mass and the imbalance of bone absorption and formation. In short, the aging of the kidneys to reduce the absorption of calcium from the intestine, resulting in the promotion of parathyroid hormone secretion, parathyroid hormone can promote bone resorption, the increasing concentration of this hormone in the blood is caused by bone loss is important the reason. On the other hand, due to the increase of age, the viability of osteoblasts decreases, and the ability of bone formation is low, resulting in a decrease in bone mass.