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用铜包套的 NbTi 超导体不仅在室温时(300K)而且在低温时都可以承受较大的机械应力。室温时这应力是由于制作线圈的拉伸和弯曲产生的。低温时,一方面由于冷却时铜和铌不同的热膨胀作用产生较大的应力;另一方面由于在磁作用时出现的机械力而产生应力。西德真空熔炼公司详细地研究了 NbTi50在4—390K 这个温度范围内的强度,结果表明:20K 以下,塑性变形无例外地都是经过{100}面上的剪切来实现的。随着冷变形的增加,在20K 以下剪切变得容易了,这导致了屈服点的下降。随着冷变形增加而明显的(110)变形织构被认为是这种效应的原因。
Copper-clad NbTi superconductors can withstand large mechanical stresses not only at room temperature (300K) but also at low temperatures. This stress is due to the stretching and bending of the making coil at room temperature. At low temperatures, on the one hand, large stresses occur due to the different thermal expansions of copper and niobium during cooling; on the other hand, stresses arise due to the mechanical forces that occur during magnetic action. The intensity of NbTi50 in the temperature range of 4-390K was studied in detail by West German Vacuum Melting Company. The results show that plastic deformation is all under the shear of {100} plane without exception below 20K. As cold deformation increases, shearing becomes easier below 20K, which leads to a decrease in yield point. The (110) textured texture, which is evident as the cold deformation increases, is believed to be the cause of this effect.