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目的:本文旨在结合青少年的运动技能水平及运动类型比较青少年运动员的表象能力,调查他们外部视觉表象(EVI)和内部视觉表象(IVI)的构建。方法:选取72名不同运动等级从事开放性(n=45)和封闭性运动(n=27)的青少年运动员,使其完成2项特定任务。EVI任务需参与者想象不同身体部位的旋转视图,IVI任务需参与者想象自身完成一些特定运动。结果:EVI任务中运动技能水平与运动类型有显著交互效应,即与其他小组相比,开放性运动项目的参与者具有较高的技能水平和精准率;IVI任务中不同组别之间的差异不如EVI任务明显,即具有高技能水平的参与者、开放性运动项目的参与者比低技能水平者、封闭性运动项目的参与者的精准率较高。结论:EVI包括外部事物以及环境的可视化,与运动技能水平高且参与开放性运动项目的运动员相关:而IVI更趋向于自我导向,与较高的运动技能水平相关,但与运动类型不相关。
Aims: To compare the visual abilities of adolescent athletes with those of adolescent athletes, the purpose of this study is to investigate the construction of their external visual representations (EVI) and internal visual representations (IVI). Methods: 72 adolescent athletes with open classes (n = 45) and closed classes (n = 27) were selected to perform 2 specific tasks. The EVI mission requires participants to visualize the rotated view of different body parts. The IVI task requires participants to visualize their own specific exercises. Results: There was a significant interaction between the level of motor skills and the type of exercise in the EVI task. That is to say, compared with other groups, participants in open sports have higher skill level and accuracy. Differences among different groups in the IVI task As obvious as the EVI mission, that is, with high skill level participants, open-ended sports participants than low-skilled, closed-end sports participants with high accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: The EVI includes externalities and visualization of the environment and is associated with athletes who have a high level of motor skills and who participate in open sports events. IVI, on the other hand, tends to be more self-directed and related to higher motor skills but not to type of exercise.