论文部分内容阅读
目的了解宁波市鄞州区1-3岁儿童扩大国家免疫规划(National immunization program,NIP)疫苗接种现状。方法通过宁波市免疫规划信息管理系统收集2015年鄞州区1-3岁儿童接种资料,采用描述性方法分析NIP疫苗接种率、全程接种率、首剂乙型肝炎疫苗(First-dose hepatitis B vaccine,Hep B1)和首剂含麻疹成分疫苗(Firstdose measles-containing vaccine,MCV_1)及时接种率。结果在鄞州区2015年1-3岁儿童中,卡介苗(Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine,BCG)、HepB_(1-3)、3剂脊髓灰质炎疫苗(3-dose poliovirus vaccine,PV_(1-3))、3剂百白破联合疫苗(3-dose diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus combined vaccine,DTP_(1-3))、MCV_1、首剂乙型脑炎疫苗(First-dose Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine,JEV_1)、2剂A群脑膜炎球菌疫苗(2-dose meningococcal vaccine-type A,MenA_(1-2))、1剂甲型肝炎疫苗(1-dose hepatitis A vaccine,HepA_1)接种率均>98%;HepB_1、MCV_1及时接种率分别为95.11%、92.49%;五苗(BCG、HepB_(1-3)、PV_(1-3)、DTP_(1-3)、MCV_1)全程接种率为99.30%;DTP_4、MCV_2、PV_4(包括含PV成分疫苗)、JEV_2、1剂A群C群脑膜炎球菌疫苗(MenAC_1)接种率分别为97.86%、98.52%、29.52%、95.65%、93.61%;八苗(BCG、HepB_(1-3)、PV_(1-3)、DTP_(1-4)、MCV_(1-2)、JEV_1、HepA_1、MenA_(1-2))全程接种率为96.22%。八苗全程、HepB_1及时、MCV_1及时接种率农村儿童均显著低于城区儿童,流动儿童均显著低于本地儿童。结论鄞州区儿童NIP疫苗接种率维持在较高水平;但农村地区儿童和流动儿童的复种或加强免疫接种率、HepB_1和MCV_1及时接种率低,需加强重点地区和人群的相应干预措施。
Objective To understand the current situation of 1-3-year-old children in Yinzhou District of Ningbo City to expand the national immunization program (NIP) vaccination. Methods The vaccination data of 1-3-year-old children in Yinzhou District in 2015 were collected through the immunization planning information management system in Ningbo City. Descriptive methods were used to analyze the vaccination rate, full vaccination rate and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine Hep B1) and the first dose of measles-containing vaccine containing measles (MCV_1) inoculation rate. Results In the children aged 1-3 years in Yinzhou District in 2015, BCG, HepB_ (1-3), 3-dose poliovirus vaccine (PV_ (1-3) ), 3-dose diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus combined vaccine (DTP_ (1-3)), MCV_1, First-dose Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine (JEV_1), 2 The inoculation rates of 2-dose meningococcal vaccine-type A (MenA 1-2) and 1-dose hepatitis A vaccine (HepA 1) were all higher than 98%. HepB 1, The timely vaccination rates of MCV-1 and MCV-1 were 95.11% and 92.49%, respectively. The whole vaccination rate was 99.30% for five seedlings (BCG, HepB 1-3, PV 1-3, DTP 1-3 and MCV 1) , PV_4 (including PV vaccine), JEV_2 and MenAC_1 were 97.86%, 98.52%, 29.52%, 95.65% and 93.61%, respectively. The vaccination rates of BCG and HepB_ (1-3), PV_ (1-3), DTP_ (1-4), MCV_ (1-2), JEV_1, HepA_1, MenA_ (1-2)) were 96.22%. Eight seedlings full, HepB_1 timely, MCV_1 timely vaccination rate of rural children were significantly lower than urban children, migrant children were significantly lower than the local children. Conclusion The vaccination rate of children with NIP in Yinzhou District is maintained at a high level. However, the rate of timely vaccination of HepB_1 and MCV_1 among children and migrant children in rural areas is lower than that of multiple vaccination or booster vaccination. Corresponding interventions should be strengthened in key areas and populations.