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整地是造林的基础,是人工林培育技术措施的重要组成部分,在当前的技术经济条件下,也是唯一被广泛应用、效果长远的措施。通过整地,改变了造林地局部小地形,也改变了种植点附近的光照时间和强度,并在—定程度上改变了温度、水分等小气候因子。通过提前整地,有效地改受了土壤的理化性质,增强了土壤蓄水、保土、保肥能力,提高了土壤的通气性,有利于土壤微生物的活动,加速有机物的分解,使更多的土壤养分处于可利用状态。通过整地,表土回填,使种植坑(沟)内上层加厚,为幼树的成活及生长创造了有利的条件,从而提高了造林质量。
Land preparation is the foundation of afforestation and an important part of technical measures for plantation cultivation. Under the current technical and economic conditions, it is also the only measure that has been widely applied and has long-term effects. Through land preparation, the change of the local small topography of the afforestation site also changed the light time and intensity near the planting site, and changed the microclimate factors such as temperature and moisture to a certain extent. By pre-soil preparation, soil physical and chemical properties can be effectively modified, soil water storage, soil conservation, fertilizer conservation and soil aeration, soil microbial activities are conducive to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, so that more Soil nutrients are available. Through land preparation and top soil backfilling, the upper layer of planting pit (thickened) is thickened, creating favorable conditions for the survival and growth of saplings, thus improving the quality of afforestation.