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目的了解视频显示终端(Visual Display Terminal,VDT)作业人群的职业危害,为采取相应卫生防护措施提供依据。方法对广东省汕头市不同行业的VDT作业场所进行环境监测,对583名VDT操作者的健康状况进行调查,并与对照组进行比较。结果VDT作业环境CO2浓度偏高,为0.06%~0.08%,噪声偏高为67~74 dB,照度偏低为50~180 Lux,存在低剂量X射线。VDT作业组在视觉系统、肌肉骨胳系统、神经系统等自觉症状发生率明显高于对照组(P<0.01);女性VDT操作者月经及妊娠异常率也高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论VDT作业的职业危害及其因素是多方面的,因此,应制定VDT作业的卫生标准。
Objective To understand the occupational hazards of the working population of Visual Display Terminal (VDT) and to provide the basis for taking corresponding health protection measures. Methods Environmental monitoring of VDT workplaces in different industries in Shantou, Guangdong Province was conducted. The health status of 583 VDT operators was investigated and compared with that of the control group. Results The concentration of CO2 in working environment of VDT was high, ranging from 0.06% to 0.08%. The noise was high at 67 ~ 74 dB and the illumination was low at 50 ~ 180 Lux. There was low dose X - ray. VDT group in the visual system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system and other symptoms were significantly higher than the control group (P <0.01); female VDT operator menses and pregnancy abnormalities were also higher than the control group (P <0.05). Conclusions The occupational hazards and their causes of VDT operations are multifaceted. Therefore, the hygienic standard of VDT operation should be established.