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农民问题的核心是土地问题。土地问题的核心是土地的所有权问题。中国共产党在取得局部政权后,如果能从中国国情的实际出发,其正确的土地革命纲领应该是废除封建地主的土地所有制,把土地所有权交给农民,实行耕者有其田,这才是符合中国的实际情况。但是,当时的中共领导者们却盲目地服从共产国际的错误指导,把苏联实行土地国有的政策搬到中国。中国共产党从建立根据地、有了局部政权到1930年冬,都是实行土地公有,农民只有土地使用权,没有所有权。这种政策很难真正调动起农民的生产积极性。解铃还须系铃人,1930年7月以后,共产国际开始纠正错误,中共中央也就改正了这一错误。这三年的教训是深刻的。
The heart of the peasant problem is the land issue. The heart of the land issue is the issue of land ownership. After obtaining the local government, if the CPC can proceed from the actual conditions of China, its correct program of agrarian revolution should abolish the land ownership of the feudal landlords and give the land ownership to the peasants. This is in line with China’s The actual situation. However, the then CCP leaders blindly obeyed the erroneous guidance of the Comintern and moved the Soviet Union’s policy of implementing state-owned land to China. From the establishment of base areas and the establishment of local regimes to the winter of 1930, the Chinese Communists implemented the public ownership of the land, and the peasants had only the land-use rights and no ownership. This policy can hardly really mobilize the peasants’ enthusiasm for production. The solution to the meltdown must also be the Ring Bellman. After July 1930, the Comintern started to correct the mistake and the CPC Central Committee corrected the mistake. The lessons of these three years are profound.