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矿井开采深度和强度的逐年增加,致使深部煤与瓦斯突出等煤岩动力灾害变得更为严重,迫切需要有既行之有效又安全可靠的方法来对其进行预测预报。煤岩体的破裂过程伴随能量耗散及放射性核素氡析出,因此,检测氡的变化可以作为一种对煤岩动力灾害的预测方法。先介绍了我国煤矿井下氡的水平,分析了破裂煤岩氡析出异常机理,研究了煤岩放射性核素赋存的影响因素,再利用自主设计的循环式破裂煤岩氡析出测定试验系统,初步研究了煤岩块试样破坏前后的氡析出变化。结果表明,煤岩块试样在破坏前后,氡浓度出现异常变化,破坏后较完整的煤样氡气放射增加50%以上,破坏后较完整的岩样氡气放射增加1倍以上。这表明氡检测技术在煤矿动力灾害探测中具有较好的应用前景。
Increasing the depth and intensity of mine exploitation has caused the coal-rock dynamic disasters such as deep coal and gas outburst to become more serious. There is an urgent need for an effective and safe method to predict and forecast it. The rupture process of coal and rock mass is accompanied by the energy dissipation and the radon radionuclide radionuclides. Therefore, the detection of radon change can be used as a prediction method for coal and rock dynamic disasters. Firstly, the level of radon in coal mine in our country is introduced, the anomaly mechanism of radon precipitation in broken coal and rock is analyzed, the influencing factors of radionuclide occurrence in coal and rock are studied, and then the self-designed test system of radon precipitation in coal- The change of radon precipitation before and after the destruction of coal rock samples was studied. The results show that the radon concentration changes abnormally before and after the destruction of coal rock samples. After the destruction, the radon emission of more complete coal samples increases more than 50%, and radon emission more complete than that of intact rock samples more than doubled. This indicates that radon detection technology has a good application prospect in coal mine dynamic disaster detection.