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长期以来,在历史学的研究传统中对科技现象并没有给予应有的重视。按照历史学的研究传统,以往的重点一般是放在政治史、经济史和思想文化史方面,尽管在思想文化史中也涉及科学,在经济史中也涉及一些技术现象,但所占份量极为有限。这种现象的产生并非偶然,也不足为怪,因为在源远流长的人类历史发展的长河中,在一个相当长的时间内科学发展极为缓慢,并且没有能够充分显示出它对社会发展的历史进程产生的强烈影响。但是,从19世纪下半叶以来,特别是进入20世纪以后,情况发生了很大变化。首先是科学本身的变化。现代科学已经由小科学
For a long time, no attention has been given to the phenomena of science and technology in the history research tradition. According to the tradition of historical studies, past emphasis has generally been placed on the political, economic and ideological and cultural history. Although there are also some scientific phenomena involved in the history of ideas and cultures and some technical phenomena in the economic history, their share is extremely high limited. This phenomenon is not by accident, nor is it surprising, because in a long history of human history, science has been slow to develop for a long period of time and has failed to fully demonstrate its historical progress toward social development Strong influence. However, much has changed since the second half of the 19th century, especially since the 20th century. The first is the change of science itself. Modern science has been made by small sciences