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目的探讨高校教职工异常心电图及其相关危险因素,为临床诊断、治疗及保健提供依据。方法对信阳市某高校1 284例教职工职业健康检查的异常心电图及危险因素进行分析。结果心电图异常检出率为32.71%,以心律失常检出率最高,占40%,其次为ST-T改变,占31.90%,男性高于女性(χ2=9.514,P<0.01)。心电图异常检出率随年龄呈逐渐增加趋势(χ2=138.29,P<0.01)。心电图异常人群中甘油三酯(TG)升高率为36.43%,总胆固醇(TC)升高率为49.76%,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)升高率为50.00%,空腹血糖(FPG)升高率为31.67%,高血压为47.86%,脂肪肝为17.62%,与正常心电图人群比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论心电图异常改变与年龄,血脂异常、空腹高血糖,高血压、脂肪肝有密切关系。提示应对上述相关危险因素进行强化干预并定期进行健康检查,对预防、发现、治疗心血管疾病有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) and its related risk factors in college faculty and to provide basis for clinical diagnosis, treatment and health care. Methods The abnormal electrocardiogram and risk factors of occupational health examination in 1 284 faculty members in a university in Xinyang were analyzed. Results The detection rate of electrocardiogram anomalies was 32.71%. The highest detection rate of arrhythmia was 40%, followed by ST-T changes, accounting for 31.90%. Men were higher than women (χ2 = 9.514, P <0.01). The detection rate of ECG abnormality increased gradually with age (χ2 = 138.29, P <0.01). The rate of increase of triglyceride (TG) was 36.43%, the rate of increase of total cholesterol (TC) was 49.76%, the rate of increase of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 50.00%, FPG ) Increased rate was 31.67%, hypertension was 47.86%, fatty liver was 17.62%, compared with the normal ECG group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion The abnormal ECG changes with age, dyslipidemia, fasting hyperglycemia, hypertension, fatty liver are closely related. Prompt intervention should strengthen the above-mentioned risk factors and regular health checks, prevention, detection, treatment of cardiovascular disease is of great significance.