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近年来,中国发展海权的呼声日高。中国在地缘上属于陆海复合国家,具有成为陆海强国的自然条件,但在传统上是一个大陆国家,国家力量主要集中于陆地。随着世界各国的资源需求日益增大,1994年《联合国海洋法公约》正式生效,世界海洋形势与以前相比,出现了很大变化。世界大国都在利用新的海洋形势努力发展海权。中国将如何应对呢?本文在阐述海权概念的基础上,简要分析目前中国发展海权的基础和条件,说明中国发展海权的紧迫性。海权的含义海权一词由来已久,对它贡献最大的却是美国的海军少将马汉和前苏联的海军元帅戈尔什科夫。海权论者所谓的海权,是由军事力量与非军事力量结合起来的,对海洋所产生的控制。其中,海上军事力量占了主要地位。马汉认为,海权涉及了有益于使一个民族依靠海洋或利用海洋强
In recent years, the voice of China’s development of sea power has been rising. China is geographically a land-sea compound country and has the natural condition of becoming a land-sea powerhouse. However, traditionally it is a mainland country, and its national power mainly concentrates on land. With the increasing demand for resources from all countries in the world, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea came into force in 1994, and the world’s oceans have undergone tremendous changes compared with the past. The world powers are making every effort to develop the sea power by taking advantage of the new maritime situation. How will China cope with it? This paper, based on the concept of sea power, briefly analyzes the current foundation and conditions for the development of sea power in China and illustrates the urgency of China’s development of sea power. The meaning of sea power The term sea power has a long history, the greatest contribution to it is the United States Major General Mahan and the former Soviet navy Marshal Gorshkov. The so-called maritime power of the sea power theory is a combination of military power and non-military power that controls the ocean. Among them, maritime military forces dominated. Mahan believes that the sea power is involved in the benefit of a nation dependent on the ocean or the use of the ocean