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一中日两国,一衣带水,文化交流,源远流长。其中,中国的书画作为中华文明的有机组成部分,或借助于作品东传,或依靠人员的直接往来,给予了日本深远的影响。迨至近代,作为第二届驻日公使黎庶昌的随员赴日的杨守敬,无疑又为中日书画交流增添了浓重的一笔。但是,这一时期除了杨守敬等公派人员外,还有一批因私渡日的从事书画艺术的文人,他们在近代中国未必有名,甚至默默无闻,但在东瀛却非常活跃,或书画交流,或诗文往来,十分引人注目。在论述清末中日艺术交流时,学者往往对杨守敬等人着墨较多,而由于资料匮乏,对这些自费赴日的书画家关注较少。鉴于此,笔者撰此小文,以求教于大方。
One China and Japan, a strip of water, cultural exchanges, goes back to ancient times. Among them, the painting and calligraphy in China, as an integral part of Chinese civilization, exerted far-reaching influence on Japan through the direct transmission of its works or direct contacts with its personnel. In the modern era, Yang Shou-jing, a member of the second Legislator Li Shuchang in Japan, undoubtedly added a heavy touch to the exchange of calligraphy and painting between China and Japan. However, during this period, in addition to the personnel dispatched by Yang Shou-jing and other public officials, there were also a number of writers who engaged in calligraphy and painting due to private transit. They may not be famous or even unknown in modern China, but they are very active in Japan or have exchanges in painting and calligraphy or poetry Contacts, very compelling. In discussing the art exchange between China and Japan in the late Qing Dynasty, scholars often write more about Yang Shou-jing and others, and because of the lack of information, they paid little attention to the calligraphers who go to Japan at their own expense. In view of this, I write this small article, in order to teach in the generous.