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目的探讨甲醛对大鼠子代学习记忆能力和即刻早期基因表达的影响。方法随机将Wistar大鼠分为对照组和低、中、高剂量染甲醛组,自孕前8周开始以呼吸道静式染毒至子代出生,各组仔鼠在断乳后继续予以染毒60 d,然后进行水迷宫测试,并测定不同时间段海马中C-fos蛋白表达水平。结果神经行为学测试时,仔鼠的学习与记忆的达标次数、时间都随着剂量的增大而上升;C-fos蛋白表达阳性细胞数量随着剂量的增加而升高(P<0.05),同时在21 d时出现峰值;高剂量组C-fos蛋白表达在21、28和45 d明显增多(P<0.05)。结论甲醛损害大鼠子代学习记忆能力的机制可能与甲醛造成海马即刻早期基因c-fos基因的蛋白表达水平降低、神经元功能减弱有关。
Objective To investigate the effect of formaldehyde on learning and memory abilities and immediate early gene expression in offspring of rats. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and low, medium and high doses of formaldehyde group. The animals were born to the offspring in the respiratory tract by the first 8 weeks of gestation until the offspring were born. d. Then, the water maze test was performed and the expression of C-fos protein in the hippocampus was determined at different time points. Results During the neurobehavioral test, the number and time of learning and memory of offspring increased with the dose increasing. The number of C-fos positive cells increased with the increase of dose (P <0.05) While peaked at 21 d. The expression of C-fos protein in high-dose group increased significantly at 21, 28 and 45 d (P <0.05). Conclusions Formaldehyde may impair the ability of learning and memory of offspring in rats, which may be related to the decrease of protein expression of c-fos gene and the decrease of neuronal function in formalin-induced hippocampal formation.