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近年来,局部网络技术作为一种正迅速发展的领域,已出现一种产品化的稳定发展势态。目前,IEEE802标准正在形成,由于其复杂性,该标准只就可选择技术途径的某些狭小范围作了一些规定,与此同时,标准的制定也促使众多的生产厂商步入局部网络领域。本文旨在对局部网络的结构选择及其设计方法作一系统的综述。决定一个局部网络成本和性能的主要因素是其拓扑结构、传输介质和介质访问控制协议。传输介质包括双扭线、基带和宽带同轴电缆以及光纤。拓扑结构包括总线、树和环。介质访问控制协议包括 CSMA/CD、令牌总线、令牌环、寄存器插入和时间片环。文中就上述问题逐一加以详细研讨,比较分析了各相关技术的异同点,并报告了局部网络标准的当前状况。
In recent years, as a rapidly developing area of local network technology, a steady trend of product development has emerged. Currently, the IEEE802 standard is in the making. Due to its complexity, the standard only provides for some narrow ranges of alternative technology approaches. At the same time, the standard formulation has prompted many manufacturers to step into the area of local networks. This article aims to make a systematic overview of the structure selection and design method of local network. The main factors that determine the cost and performance of a local network are its topology, transmission media, and media access control protocols. Transmission media includes twisted pair, baseband and broadband coaxial cable and optical fiber. Topology includes buses, trees, and rings. Media access control protocols include CSMA / CD, Token Bus, Token Ring, Register Insert, and Time Ring. The article discussed the above issues one by one in detail, compared the similarities and differences of related technologies, and reported the current status of local network standards.