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在总图布置中,建筑物的朝向問題是一个重要的問题,因为建筑物的朝向和通風、采光及日照等都有直接的关系。在过去,風向和風速的資料一般还比較容易取得,但是关于太陽的位置和高度等方面的資料却比较少,因此,很多車間往往由于朝向不好,結果出現了夏天太热而冬天又太冷的現象。为了解决这个問題,我們二院总图科进行了一些工作,彙集了一些資料,現在提出来供大家参考。根据“工程建設”1951年2月12期的介紹,在不同的緯度、不同的月份和不同的时間可以用作图的方法求出太陽的力位角及照度角。所求出的数值的誤差很小,对总平面布置来說已完全能滿足要求。作出的图我們名之曰“日光图”;其內容包括如下几点: (1)根据不同緯度作出平面圖及立面圖; (2)根据平面图得出太陽的方位角; (3)根据立面图得出太陽的高度; (4)在平面圖上,根据太陽的位置及其对不同方向建筑物墙的投影以及太陽的高度,得出照度角。
In the layout of the general plan, the orientation of the building is an important issue because the orientation of the building has a direct relationship with ventilation, lighting and sunshine. In the past, data on wind direction and wind speed were generally relatively easy to obtain, but there were relatively few data on the location and height of the sun. Therefore, many workshops often faced poor orientation, resulting in too hot summer and too cold winter. The phenomenon. In order to solve this problem, we have done some work in the General Map Division of the Second Hospital and brought together some information, which is now proposed for your reference. According to the “Project Construction” February 12, 1951, the solar power angle and illuminance angle can be calculated using the map method at different latitudes, different months, and at different times. The error of the calculated value is very small, and it can fully meet the requirements for the general layout. The figure we made was called “Daylight Map”; its contents include the following: (1) Plan and elevation maps based on different latitudes; (2) Azimuths of the sun derived from floor plans; (3) According to facades The figure shows the height of the sun; (4) In the plan view, the illuminance angle is obtained from the position of the sun and its projection of the walls of the building in different directions and the height of the sun.