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文章对深部物质与过程的研究方法作了概述，对克拉通岩石圈根（或大陆根）的形成提出初步论证，并对造山带和裂谷带的深部状态作了进一步讨论。认为大陆根的形成主要完成于太古宙与古元古代时期，岩石圈地幔是分离出陆壳后的强亏损橄榄岩（贫Ｆｅ，Ａｌ，ａｌｋ，挥发份），其低密度支撑的巨大浮力是克拉通构造上长期稳定的根本原因。提出青藏—喜马拉雅造山带可识别出三个类型的岩石圈：帕米尔型岩石圈冷根，念青唐古拉型相对薄的岩石圈和羌塘型温度相对高的岩石圈，可能分别代表碰撞造山的早期相、中期相和晚期相。提出地幔热柱可能有三种类型，分别来自４００ｋｍ界面、６７０ｋｍ界面和核幔边界，对地幔热柱的识别作了概述，指出与造山带有关的岩浆活动不是地幔热柱在地表的表现，讨论了岩石圈减薄速率的类型及其对环境的长期效应。
The article gives an overview of the research methods of deep matter and process, puts forward the preliminary proof of the formation of the lithosphere root (or continental root) of cratonic and further discusses the deep state of the orogenic belt and rift zone. It is believed that the formation of continental roots was mainly completed in the Archean and Paleoproterozoic periods. The lithospheric mantle is a strong depleted peridotite (Fe, Al, alk, volatile) separated from the continental crust. The large buoyancy of its low density support is Cratonic structural long-term stability of the root causes. It is suggested that three types of lithosphere can be identified in the Qinghai-Tibet Himalayan orogen: the cold root of Pamirl lithosphere, the relatively thin Nyaintanggula lithosphere and the Qiangtang lithosphere with relatively high temperature, Early phase, metaphase, and late phase. It is suggested that there may be three types of hot mantle plumes from the 400km, 670km and mantle boundaries, respectively. The recognition of the mantle plume is summarized. It is pointed out that the magmatic activity related to the orogenic belt is not the manifestation of the mantle plume on the surface. Types of lithosphere thinning rate and its long - term effects on the environment.