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铁路电焊作业和其他电焊作业一样,是以电弧烧化焊件,借助金属加热熔化的作用,而使两个金属件接合。由于被焊接的焊条材料,含有不同的金属元素和焊条中的涂料有各种的有害物质,同时在焊接电弧的高温作用下,发生一系列复杂的冶金反应,以烟和气溶胶的形式放出各种粉尘和有害气体,这些粉尘和有害气体对焊工身体健康有一定危害,因此我们对机务段和桥梁厂等三个单位的电焊作业进行了劳动卫生学调查。调查情况报告如下:
Like other welding operations, electric arc welding is based on the use of arc-burned weldments to join two pieces of metal by means of heating and melting of the metal. Due to the welding of the electrode material, containing different metal elements and coatings in the electrode has a variety of harmful substances, at the same time under the action of the high temperature welding arc, a series of complex metallurgical reactions, the release of smoke and aerosol in various Dust and harmful gases. These dusts and harmful gases are harmful to the health of the welder. Therefore, we conducted a survey of labor hygiene on the welding operations of the three units including the locomotive depot and bridge factory. The investigation report is as follows: