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目的了解宁南山区回族聚居地小学生肠道寄生虫感染情况,为制定合理、实用、可操作的防治策略提供科学依据。方法分层整群随机抽取回族聚居地石羊子小学和汉族聚居地杨郎小学1~5年级小学生对比研究,用碘液直接涂片法,查肠道原虫包囊;饱和盐水浮聚法,查各种蠕虫卵;透明胶纸法,查蛲虫卵。凡检出包囊、虫卵或幼虫者判为感染。蛲虫卵阳性者学生追踪其家庭成员的感染情况。结果调查800人,肠道寄生虫总感染率为64.63%,回族感染率高于汉族,低年级感染率高于高年级,男生感染率高于女生,蛲虫感染阳性者其家庭成员感染率高于阴性者。结论回族聚居地小学生肠道寄生虫感染与居住环境卫生、民族生活习惯、生活行为和防病意识有关。预防应以健康教育为主,纠正不良生活行为,培养良好卫生习惯,提高防病意识,以环境治理为重点,消除传染源,切断传播途径,把好“病从口入”关。治疗应以集体投药驱虫为首选,切实保护广大回族儿童的心身健康。
Objective To understand the status of intestinal parasitic infections among Hui students living in mountainous areas in southern Ningxia and to provide a scientific basis for making rational, practical and operable prevention and control strategies. Methods A stratified cluster was selected randomly to compare the primary school students of grade 1 to grade 5 in Shih-K’ang Primary School of the Hui ethnic group and the Yang-Lang primary school inhabited by the Han nationality. The intestinal protozoal cyst was probed with iodine-iodine direct smear method. Various worm eggs; transparent tape method, check the worm eggs. Where detected cysts, eggs or larvae were sentenced to infection. Eggs-positive students track the infections of their family members. Results A total of 800 people were surveyed. The total intestinal infection rate was 64.63%. The prevalence rate of Hui was higher than that of Han nationality. The infection rate of lower grade was higher than that of senior grade. The infection rate of male was higher than that of female. In the negative. Conclusion Intestinal parasitic infections among pupils inhabited by the Hui people are related to the living environment, ethnic living habits, living behaviors and disease prevention awareness. Prevention should be based on health education, correct bad habits, develop good health habits, improve disease prevention awareness, focus on environmental governance, eliminate sources of infection, cut off the route of transmission, and good “disease from the mouth”. Treatment should be the first choice for collective drug abuse insects, and effectively protect the psychological health of the majority of Hui children.