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本文分析了北京地区冬小麦籽粒灌浆期间的温度条件与籽拉灌浆速度,灌浆持续时间以及与千粒重的关系。研究表明:日最高气温29℃为形成籽粒日灌浆速度高的有利温度,日最低气温在16.5℃以上,日灌浆速度将随日最低气温升高而降低。灌浆期间平均气温小于22.3℃时,灌浆持续时间(满仁至腊熟)可长达18天以上,为形成较高千粒重的有利条件。研究还表明:在北京地区早春气候条件下,早抽穗灌浆期相应处于较有利条件,可形成较高的千粒重。当3月中旬至5月上旬积温达800℃以上为早抽穗年型,一般千粒重较高。此期间积温在650℃以下时,为晚抽穗年型,不利籽粒灌浆,千粒重较低。
This paper analyzed the temperature conditions during grain filling of winter wheat in Beijing and the relationship between seed filling speed, grain filling duration and 1000-grain weight. The results show that daily maximum temperature of 29 ℃ is the favorable temperature for grain filling, and the daily minimum temperature is above 16.5 ℃. The daily grain filling rate will decrease with the increase of daily minimum temperature. Grain filling duration is less than 22.3 ℃, the duration of filling (Manren to waxy cooked) for up to 18 days or more, to form a higher grain weight favorable conditions. The study also shows that under the early spring climate conditions in Beijing, early heading stage is correspondingly favorable for filling stage and can form a high 1000-grain weight. When mid-March to early May the accumulated temperature of 800 ℃ or more early heading type, the general 1000-grain weight higher. During this period when the accumulated temperature below 650 ℃, the late heading type, adverse grain filling, grain weight lower.