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为了解空间诱变新选玉米自交系在DNA分子水平上的变异特征,以玉米自交系S37、21-ES以及从这两个自交系空间诱变后代新选自交系A318和SCML104为材料,采用SRAP和SSR两种分子标记进行遗传多态性分析。结果显示自交系S37和A318间存在较大的遗传差异,SRAP标记的平均多态性比率为19.1%,SSR标记的平均多态性比率为19.8%;自交系21-ES和SCML104间的遗传差异相对较小,SRAP和SSR标记检测到的多态性比率分别为9.0%和5.7%。S37和A318的SSR多态性引物在10条染色体上都有分布,部分位点呈现多个多态性引物富集区,21-ES和SCML104的多态性引物主要分布在玉米的第5、6和7号染色体。以上分析表明,空间诱变新选玉米自交系与原自交系间存在不同程度的遗传差异,说明空间诱变与其它物理诱变或化学诱变一样是一条行之有效的诱变育种新途径。
In order to understand the variation characteristics of new maize inbred lines in space at the DNA molecular level, the inbred lines A318 and SCML104 were selected from the maize inbred lines S37, 21-ES and the offsprings of these two inbred lines As the material, SRAP and SSR markers were used for genetic polymorphism analysis. The results showed that there was a large genetic difference between inbred lines S37 and A318. The average polymorphism rate of SRAP markers was 19.1%, and the average polymorphism rate of SSR markers was 19.8%. In inbred lines between 21-ES and SCML104 The genetic differences were relatively small, and the rates of polymorphisms detected by SRAP and SSR markers were 9.0% and 5.7%, respectively. SSR polymorphism primers of S37 and A318 were distributed on 10 chromosomes and some polymorphic primer-rich regions were found in some loci. Polymorphic primers of 21-ES and SCML104 were mainly distributed in the 5th, Chromosomes 6 and 7. The above analysis showed that there was some genetic difference between the new maize inbred lines and the original inbred lines in space-induced mutagenesis, indicating that space mutagenesis is an effective mutagenesis breeding, which is as effective as other physical or chemical mutagenesis way.