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小儿血液病合并的感染症对疾病的预后有重大影响,首先是白血病,因严重感染而致死者最多见。小儿白血病的死因中感染占第一位。白血病发病时已处于免疫机能缺陷状态,强烈化疗和头部放射线照射使免疫功能缺陷更加明显。1.白血病的免疫缺陷状态急性淋巴细胞性白血病(ALL)血清免疫球蛋白IgG降低,急性粒细胞性白血病(AML)时增高,IgM和IgA无明显变化。诱导缓解时γ—球蛋白降低,治疗后20～30日最低,其后逐渐增加。初次诱导缓解gG是治疗前的50%,IgA是75%,IgM是90%。
Infectious diseases of children with hematological diseases have a significant impact on the prognosis of the disease, first of all leukemia, the most common cause of death due to severe infection. The cause of childhood leukemia infection in the first place. Leukemia has been in the pathogenesis of immunodeficiency, strong chemotherapy and head irradiation make the immune function defects more obvious. 1. Leukemia immunodeficiency status Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) serum immunoglobulin IgG decreased, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) increased, IgM and IgA no significant change. Γ-globulin decreased when induced remission, 20 to 30 days after treatment the lowest, then gradually increased. Initial induction of remission of gG is 50% before treatment, IgA is 75%, IgM is 90%.