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低氧是多种肿瘤存在的基本生物学现象,参与构成复杂的肿瘤发展和侵袭的微环境。低氧环境下,低氧诱导因子(HIF)及其相关信号通路通过调节细胞的增殖、生存和代谢,精确的调控了肿瘤的侵袭、转移和化疗抵抗。同时也解释了肿瘤干细胞通过HIF依赖的方式获得自我更新的干细胞特性以及上皮间质转化特征。本文讨论了低氧及HIF信号通路参与调节肿瘤干细胞增殖和耐药的分子机制,及其在防治肿瘤复发、转移中的意义。
Hypoxia is a fundamental biological phenomenon in the presence of many tumors involved in the microenvironment that constitutes a complex tumor development and invasion. Hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and its related signaling pathway precisely regulate tumor invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance by regulating cell proliferation, survival and metabolism. It also explains the stem cell properties that self-renewing tumor stem cells rely on in a HIF-dependent manner and the features of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. This article discusses the molecular mechanism of hypoxia and HIF signaling pathway involved in the regulation of tumor stem cell proliferation and drug resistance, and its significance in the prevention and treatment of tumor recurrence and metastasis.