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环孢霉素A(cyclosporin A,CyA)是1970年从两种真菌株:多孢木霉菌(trichodermapolysporum rifai)和柱孢霉菌(cyclindrocarpon lucidum booth)的代谢产物中发现的一种环状化合物,有明显的免疫抑制作用。1974年将其纯化;1975年测出其分子结构;1977年开始动物实验,并探讨人类口服吸收问题;1978年开始应用于临床。现在发现,CyA不仅是器官移植免疫排斥反应的强力抑制剂,而且可用于治疗自身免疫性疾病;可能还有抗肿瘤作用。
Cyclosporin A (CyA) is a cyclic compound found in 1970 from the metabolites of two fungal strains, trichodermapolysporum rifai and cyclindrocarpon lucidum booth, with Obvious immunosuppressive effect. It was purified in 1974; the molecular structure was measured in 1975; animal experiments were started in 1977 and the problem of human oral absorption was explored; and it began to be used clinically in 1978. It has now been found that CyA is not only a potent inhibitor of immune rejection of organ transplants, but also useful in the treatment of autoimmune diseases; it may have anti-tumor effects.