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铸钢的性能很大程度上取决于熔炼成的钢水以及最终的脱氧变质方法。在苏联,通常用酸性电炉熔炼含碳0.15～0.25％的机车车辆铸钢件,其脱氧方法是在包内加铝(1.2公斤/吨)和硅钙(0.9公斤/吨)脱氧。用这种方法最后脱氧,铸钢件会被硫和氧污染而使铸造性能(热裂倾向和流动性)变差,其结果是废品增加。金属锆和氧、氮的亲和力大,因此可以作为一种钢的优良脱氧、变质除气剂。锆作为脱氧剂仅次于铝而优于钛、硅和其他元素。一般加入钢水中数量极少,通常其残留量不超过0.02-0.03％。即使这样微量的锆也有满意的脱氧效果。锆使用时为硅锆,其成份为:Zr45.7％,Si33.8％,A13.5％,其余为铁。脱
Cast steel performance depends largely on the melting of molten steel and the final deoxidation metamorphism. In the Soviet Union, it is common to smelt locomotive vehicle castings containing 0.15 to 0.25% carbon by means of an acid electric furnace. The deoxidation method is to deoxidize aluminum (1.2 kg / t) and calcium silicate (0.9 kg / t) in the bag. With this method of final deoxidation, the steel castings are contaminated with sulfur and oxygen to deteriorate the casting properties (hot cracking tendency and fluidity), resulting in an increase of rejects. Metal zirconium and oxygen, nitrogen affinity, and therefore can be used as a good steel deoxidation, demetallization agent. Zirconium is second only to aluminum as a deoxidizer over titanium, silicon and other elements. Generally add a small amount of molten steel, usually its residual amount does not exceed 0.02-0.03%. Even a trace amount of zirconium has a satisfactory deoxidation effect. Zirconium zirconium when used, its composition: Zr45.7%, Si33.8%, A13.5%, the rest is iron. Off