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川崎病(Kawasaki disease,KD)是一种急性发热性疾病,好发于小于5岁的儿童,是儿童获得性心脏病的主要病因.冠状动脉瘤(coronary artery aneurysms,CAA)是KD的严重并发症,可导致缺血性心脏病、心肌梗死和心源性猝死.及时静脉注射免疫球蛋白(intravenous immunoglobulin,IVIG)治疗可以使冠状动脉瘤的发生率从25％下降到4％.最初用于治疗成人心脏病的氨基末端脑钠肽前体(nitrogen-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP),亦可应用于KD患者的诊断和治疗.NT-proBNP是由心肌细胞对机械因素(如心腔扩张)以及对促炎症因子的反应而释放的.KD患者诊断时NT-proBNP高于发热对照组,并且对IVIG治疗抵抗与合并CAA的患者也拥有较高水平的NT-proBNP,提示对预后有一定的影响.该文总结近几年关于NT-proBNP在KD诊断价值方面的意义.“,”Kawasaki disease ( KD) is an acute febrile illness that preferentially affects children youn-ger than 5 years old and the primary cause of acquired heart disease during childhood. Coronary artery aneu-rysms ( CAA) is a serious complication of KD, leading to ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. Timely initiation of treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIG) has reduced the incidence of CAA from 25％ to 4％. Nitrogen-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide ( NT-proBNP ) , originally used for the management of adults with heart disease, was shown to be useful in the diagnosis and management of patients with KD. NT-proBNP is released by cardiomyocytes in response to mechanical factors, such as the dilation of cardiac chambers, and to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Patients with KD have higher NT-proBNP at the time of diagnosis than febrile controls. Moreover, patients with resistance to IVIG treatment and CAA were found to have higher levels of NT-proBNP, suggesting a prognostic role. This review summarizes the signifi-cance of NT-proBNP in the diagnostic value of KD in recent years.