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在构建不同栽培技术模式(高产抛栽模式、高产移栽模式、农户模式)的基础上,监测了不同栽培模式下早稻产量及稻田甲烷和氧化亚氮排放的差异。结果表明:高产抛栽模式和高产移栽模式水稻产量均显著高于农户模式,增产幅度分别达到16.4%和17.7%,高产抛栽模式和高产移栽模式产量之间差异不显著。3种模式甲烷排放对全球增温潜势贡献均在90%以上。高产抛栽模式全生育期甲烷排放显著低于高产移栽模式和农户模式,而高产移栽模式和农户模式之间差异不显著,全球增温潜势变化趋势与甲烷排放相同。高产抛栽模式温室气体强度最低,农户模式最高,高产移栽模式居中。因此,在抛栽条件下,配以合理的肥料运筹是同步实现水稻高产和温室气体减排的重要技术途径。
On the basis of constructing different cultivation techniques (high-yielding throwing mode, high-yielding transplanting mode and farmer’s mode), the differences of the yield of early rice under different cultivation modes and the methane and nitrous oxide emissions in paddy fields were monitored. The results showed that both high-yielding and high-yielding transplanting patterns of rice yield were significantly higher than those of peasant households, with the increase rate reaching 16.4% and 17.7% respectively. There was no significant difference between high-yielding and high-yielding transplanting patterns. The three modes of methane emissions contribute more than 90% to the global warming potential. Methane emission in the high yielding throwing planting model during the whole growth period was significantly lower than that in the high yielding transplanting and farming households, while there was no significant difference between the high-yielding transplanting and rural households. The global warming potential had the same trend as the methane emission. High-yield throw-planting mode, the lowest intensity of greenhouse gases, farmers highest mode, high-yield transplanting mode. Therefore, throwing planted conditions, coupled with a reasonable fertilizer operation is an important technical way to simultaneously achieve high yield rice and greenhouse gas emissions.